Edward Atkinson
Edward Atkinson adalah seorang ekonom, penemu, dan pendiri Liga Anti-Imperialis Amerika. Lahir 10 Febuari 1827 di Brookline, Massachusetts dan menempuh pendidik…
| Temple name (en) | Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. |
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| Posthumous name (en) | Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. |
| Biografi | |
| Kelompok | manusia |
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| Kelahiran | Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. 10 Februari 1827 Brookline () |
| Kematian | 11 Desember 1905 Boston () |
| Penyebab kematian | Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. |
| Tempat pemakaman | Old Burying Ground (en) |
| Data pribadi | |
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| Agama | Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. |
| Pendidikan | University of South Carolina Perguruan Tinggi Dartmouth - Doktor |
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| Pekerjaan | pengusaha, aktivis perdamaian, penulis |
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| Partai politik | National Democratic Party (en) |
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| Ziarah | Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. |
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| Karya kreatif | |
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| Lain-lain | |
| Gelar bangsawan | Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. |
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| Kekasih | Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. |
| Anak | Kesalahan ekspresi: Operator < tak terduga |
| Orang tua | Amos Atkinson (en) |
| Saudara | William Parsons Atkinson |
| Kerabat | Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. |
| Tuntutan hukum yang diterima | Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. |
| Dinyatakan bersalah atas | Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'. |
Penghargaan | |
[[Berkas:Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.|220x250px|alt=]] | |
[[Berkas:Lua error in mw.lua at line 656: invalid value (nil) at index 1 in table for 'concat'.|100px|alt= Lambang kebesaran Edward Atkinson]] | |
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Edward Atkinson adalah seorang ekonom, penemu, dan pendiri Liga Anti-Imperialis Amerika. Lahir 10 Febuari 1827 di Brookline, Massachusetts dan menempuh pendidikan di sekolah swasta. Ia meraih gelar Ph.D. dari Dartmouth College dan gelar LL.D. dari University of South Carolina.[1] Pada dekade sebelum Perang Saudara, Atkinson adalah seorang pengusaha sukses sebagai eksekutif di beberapa pabrik kapas terkemuka di New England. Kemudian, Ia menjabat sebagai Presiden Boston Manufacturers Mutual Insurance Company dan Mutual Boiler Insurance Company of Boston.
Atkinson menikah dengan Mary Caroline Heath pada 1855; Mereka memiliki 9 anak, 7 di antaranya bertahan hidup hingga dewasa.[2] Salah satu putranya, Robert Whitman Atkinson (1868–1934), adalah seorang musisi dan komposer yang terkenal karena menggubah "The Party at Odd Fellows Hall", sebuah waltz populer 1890-an, dengan lirik karya J. Wendell Jr. Pada 1886, Atkinson menemukan kompor dapur yang disempurnakan yang dikenal sebagai kompor Aladdin,[1] sebuah alat masak lambat yang menggunakan daya minimal, mirip dengan prinsip yang digunakan oleh crock pot modern.[3]
Aktivitas politik
Atkinson berjuang melawan perbudakan dengan mendukung Free-Soil Party dan Boston Vigilance Committee, sebuah organisasi yang membantu para budak yang melarikan diri. Karena bosan dengan kompromi, Ia mulai mengumpulkan uang untuk membeli senapan dan amunisi guna mendukung pasukan gerilya pemberontak John Brown. Pada 1866, Ia terpilih sebagai delegasi ke konvensi serikat pekerja nasional yang diadakan di Philadelphia, tetapi Ia tidak berpartisipasi dalam musyawarahnya. Ia terpilih sebagai Anggota American Academy of Arts and Sciences pada 1879.[4]
Ia terinspirasi oleh gagasan Adam Smith, Richard Cobden, dan John Bright, dan Ia menjadi humas terkemuka untuk perdagangan bebas. Dalam banyak hal, Ia dapat digambarkan sebagai rekan Amerika untuk Frédéric Bastiat. Ia menentang gagasan inflasionis William Jennings Bryan dan yang lainnya, tetapi, tidak seperti beberapa pihak, mendukung denasionalisasi total atau privatisasi uang.[5]

Kematian dan Warisan
Edward Atkinson meninggal dunia pada 11 Desember 1905. Ia berusia 78 tahun saat wafat. Dokumen-dokumen Atkinson disimpan di Massachusetts Historical Society dan mencakup 32 karton dan 6 jilid materi.
Karya
Selama hampir empat dekade, Atkinson aktif terlibat dalam pendistribusian brosur-brosur yang Ia tulis sendiri tentang perbankan, persaingan, manufaktur kapas, legislasi ekonomi, pencegahan kebakaran, pendidikan industri, masalah uang, dan tarif. Selain seri pamfletnya pada 1899, yang disiarkan di seluruh Amerika Serikat, yang diberi judul "Sang Anti-Imperialis:"[6]
- Kapas Murah oleh Buruh Bebas (Boston, 1861)
- Distribusi Produk (New York, 1885)
- Margin Keuntungan (1887)
- Kemajuan Industri Bangsa (1889)
- Perpajakan dan Pekerjaan: Serangkaian Risalah tentang Tarif dan Mata Uang (New York 1892)
Referensi
- ^ a b
Wilson, J. G.; Fiske, J., ed. (1900). . Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography. New York: D. Appleton.
- ^ "Edward Atkinson Papers, 1819–1920: Guide to the Collection," Massachusetts Historical Society, /www.masshist.org/
- ^ Untuk pembahasan bergambar tentang alat ini, lihat: "The Aladdin Cooker," English Mechanic and World of Science, vol. 43, no. 1.106 (4 Juni 1886), hlm. 294–295.
- ^ "Book of Members, 1780–2010: Chapter A" (PDF). American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Diakses tanggal 2025-11-21.
- ^ David T. Beito dan Linda Royster Beito, "Gold Democrats and the Decline of Classical Liberalism, 1896–1900," Diarsipkan 2014-03-26 di Wayback Machine Independent Review 4 (Musim Semi 2000), 555–575
- ^ Teaford, Jon C. (2000-02). Strong, William Lafayette (1827-1900), mayor of New York City. American National Biography Online. Oxford University Press.
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